Food additives database

E410 – Locust Bean Gum

Toxicological studies show no evidence of carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, or reproductive toxicity. Locust bean gum functions like other soluble dietary fibers and is not absorbed intact in the gut. Instead, it passes into the colon where…
E422 – Glycerol

Glycerol is naturally present in fats and oils and is also produced commercially. It has a long record of safe use. Toxicological studies demonstrate that glycerol is not carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic.
E415 – Xanthan Gum

Health concerns are minimal, though excessive consumption may lead to mild digestive discomfort in sensitive individuals. This can include bloating, flatulence, or a laxative effect when consumed in high amounts.
E141 – Copper complexes of chlorophylls

E141 (Copper complexes of chlorophylls) are natural green food colorants. Safe, stable, and widely used in beverages, canned vegetables, and confectionery.
E140 – Chlorophylls

Chlorophylls (E140) are natural green pigments used as food colorants. Safe, non-toxic, and with possible antioxidant benefits.
E160a – Beta-carotene

Beta-carotene (E160a) is a natural orange pigment and vitamin A precursor. Safe, widely used in foods, and beneficial as an antioxidant.
E955 – Sucralose

Sucralose (E955) is a zero-calorie artificial sweetener. Approved globally, but controversial for gut health, metabolism, and safety when heated.
E338 – Phosphoric Acid

Phosphoric acid (E338) is widely used in soft drinks and processed foods. It is legally permitted but controversial due to links with bone health, dental erosion, and kidney issues.
E172 – Iron oxides and hydroxides

Colouring additive rated ORANGE – SOME CONCERNS due to safety debates, though legally permitted in EU and US.
E124 – Ponceau 4R

Ponceau 4R (E124) is a synthetic red azo dye banned in the US and Canada, allowed under restrictions in the EU, and linked to health concerns including hyperactivity and allergic reactions. Classified RED – UNSAFE.
E200 – Sorbic acid

Sorbic acid (E200) is widely regarded as safe when used within approved limits. It has been extensively assessed by regulators and is one of the most relied‑upon food preservatives for controlling moulds and yeasts in…
E330 – Citric acid

Citric acid (E330) is classified here as GREEN because it is naturally found in citrus fruits and is widely recognized as safe. It is one of the most commonly used food acids and preservatives worldwide.
E220 – Sulphur dioxide

Classified here as ORANGE because while most people can tolerate it in small amounts, sulphur dioxide can trigger asthma attacks, respiratory problems, and allergic-like reactions in sensitive individuals.
E202 – Potassium sorbate

Potassium sorbate (E202) is a widely used preservative that helps prevent mould and yeast growth, extending shelf life in foods like cheese, baked goods, and drinks. It has a long history of use at low…
E171 – Titanium dioxide

Titanium dioxide (E171) is a whitening/opacity agent banned in the EU (2022) after EFSA concluded it can no longer be considered safe. Still permitted in the US up to 1% by weight.
E128 – Red 2G

Red 2G (E128) is a synthetic azo dye, banned in the EU since 2007 due to carcinogenic concerns.
E123 – Amaranth

Amaranth (E123) is a synthetic red azo dye banned in the US and many countries due to cancer risk. Still permitted in limited EU uses, it is classified as UNSAFE and should be avoided.
E211 – Sodium Benzoate

Sodium benzoate (E211) is a preservative used in soft drinks, sauces, and processed foods. While generally safe at regulated levels, it has been linked to benzene formation and hyperactivity in children, making it a substance…
E407 – Carrageenan

Carrageenan (E407) is a seaweed-derived thickener and stabilizer used in dairy, plant-based milks, and processed foods. It is legally allowed but remains controversial due to concerns about digestive health.
E304 – Ascorbyl palmitate

Ascorbyl palmitate (E304) is a fat‑soluble vitamin C derivative used as an antioxidant to protect fats and flavors. Widely considered safe at authorised uses.